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The SADF in the Border War 1966-1989 offers the first comprehensive analysis of the South African Defense Force's role in the Border War in Namibia and Angola since the end of this conflict in 1989. It investigates the causes of the Border War and follows its progress and escalation in the 1980s. It also considers the broader international context against which this conflict took place.
The author brings vital new information to light gained from documents which have since been declassified. This includes documents from the State Security Council, the department of foreign affairs, the SADF itself, as well as from the Cuban and Soviet governments. It sheds light on the objectives of the National Party government in both Angola and the former Southwest Africa, the SADF's strategy in the war and its cross-border operations in Angola.
To sketch as complete a picture as possible of individual operations, the author not only interviewed several high ranking SADF officers, but also included information from the Cuban archives and testimonies of Cuban and Russian officers. All the major operations and battles are discussed, including Savannah, Reindeer, Sceptic, Protea and Moduler, as well as the battles of Cassinga and Cuito Cuanavale.
Where a battle had no clear winner, the author asks what the aim was of each of the parties involved and whether they succeeded in achieving that goal. In this way, he offers fresh perspectives on long-running and often controversial debates, for instance on who won the battle of Cuito Cuanavale. In the last chapter, the author looks at the objectives of all the parties involved in the war and whether they achieved them. In the process he tries to answer the all-important question: Who won the Border War?
- Sales Rank: #1475069 in Books
- Published on: 2014-12-19
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: .79" h x 6.14" w x 9.21" l, .0 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 576 pages
About the Author
Leopold Scholtz is deputy editor of the Cape Town daily "Die Burger" as well as Extraordinary Professor of History at Stellenbosch.
Most helpful customer reviews
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
I like this book
By J.A. van Dalen
I like this book. It provides sound military strategic, operational and tactical insight on a neglected war, fought between antagonists in a remote part of Africa, namely southern Angola and northern Namibia. It sheds light on South African Defence Forces operational and logistical challenge, but also paints a raw and unpolished picture about what fighting-in-the-bush is about. While (sadly) mostly only concentrating on the South African side of decision making processes the book provides knowledge on the limitation of armoured and mechanised warfare in the bush, using long mechanised raids to dislodge assymetric enemies. South African forces were succesfull when theyachieved tactical surprise and did find targets to hit upon, with enemies foolish enough to fight. South African forces were not succesfull when tactical surprise was not achieved or when facing tougher opponents, like the Cuban expeditionaire forces. And when Cuban MIG fighters started to dominate Southern Angolan skies (due to shorter logistical lines and more modern fighters) the border war could not be won. Peace had to be secured on the negotiating table. The book is brilliant, but focusses only the militairy aspects on the conflict. There are clearly some lessons identified and lesson learned for modern armies. Especially on the air-ground coordination, inter-arms coordination and the challenges of long range mechanised and motorised raids in hostily territory. Hopefully such a thorough study will also be conducted on the border raids into Rhodesia, Zambia and Mozambique (the other theatres of the border war)
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Boer-ing in spots, but overall worth the read
By E.J. Kaye
Interesting depiction of a complex topic. It got better as it went along, but required quite a bit of knowledge about both the politics of the day and South African nuances in particular. Carried a lot of what I would call inside jokes or references that require a working knowledge of Afrikaans.
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent Military History
By R. W. Levesque
It’s always difficult to write a decent history of any event, particularly war, when so many of the participants are still alive, each with their own unique perspective of what occurred colored by both their political and emotional views. At the same time it often takes decades for various archives to become available to the historian so he can check and cross-walk facts against a variety of sources. Having said that, Leopold Scholtz has made a valiant effort to write such a history of the Border War fought by South Africa against, primarily, Angola.
Scholtz starts off by putting the war in context. He briefly outlines the history of the region and then he makes, what I believe, is a very important point on the complexity of the Border War. He notes the war was fought on three levels: a civil rights struggle against South Africa’s apartheid policy, an anticolonial war for the independence of South West Africa (today’s Namibia), and that it was a Cold War battleground between the east and west. (I would add another layer – the civil war/tribal-based war between Angola’s ruling MPLA and Joseph Savimbi’s UNITA in the south.)
The author then chronologically reviews the battles and military forces that fought on both sides, putting the battles in context and examining the strengths and weaknesses of the antagonists – Cuba, FAPLA, UNITA, SWAPO, and the SADF. At each stage he looks at what occurred and why, and what was the impact politically and militarily. He spends several chapters examining the series of battles that made up the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale not because it was a significant win for Cuba, as communist propaganda portrays, or because the SADF inflicted significant casualties on the Cubans and Angolans, but because it was the key event that pushed Cuba and South Africa to the negotiating table to find a political solution to the war. At the end of the book Scholtz conducts a strategic review, by examining each factions’ goals, and comparing it to the outcome – bottom line is that each belligerent achieved some of their goals, but not all. He also reviews how peace came about, how the SADF bounced back and forth between counterinsurgency and conventional operations, and he reviews the impact of the air war. All-in-all this is an excellent military history.
Scholtz’ book is a good example of the point I made in the beginning in that he had access to South African archives and decision-makers that were not available ten years ago, but not to Angolan and Cuban archives. In fact the author acknowledges this as an issue in his introduction stating that, by default, the majority of his sources are South African which means, “This book can therefore not be truly balanced, as the accuracy and completeness of the existing account from the Soviet and Cuban perspective cannot be guaranteed,” and, “This book is not the final word on the Border War; it is anything but that.”
However, “The SADF in the Border War” is a still a good military history and analysis of the Border War and until a future historian has access to all the related archives and participants, this book will serve as a very good interim history.
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